Funny you should comment on this, Angela, today of all days!
I've been wondering why people on here use the phrase "non-refundable booking fee" instead of simply "deposit" for some time as the reasoning didn't quite make sense to me. The comments, like Toby had said, that it's because a deposit is returnable but a NRBF is not seem to have been the norm. But, today, I've been reading an article on such matters by a Consumer Rights Writer and Legal Advisor in such matters. Basically, a "deposit" is generally non-refundable for the following reason. When a consumer (anyone who buys goods or services - can be a personal transaction or a business one) pays a deposit to a vendor (a seller/provider of goods and/or services) they are entering in to an agreement to buy the full service or product from the vendor. Therefore, a contract is formed. If the consumer decides to not go through with that agreement to buy the full product/service then the vendor is entitled to retain the deposit, as compensation, due to the consumer breaking the terms of the contract (ie - to pay for the full service or product). The vendor may even be able to claim more than the deposit if the cancellation is at short notice meaning that they would be unlikely to resell the product or service in the same timescale or if they have incurred costs in maintaining their side of the agreement before the agreement was cancelled (this doesn't have to be cancelled at short notice). This gives them a "justifiable claim for loss of profit".
So, given this information, there is no reason at all why we shouldn't use the term "deposit" in our agreements. As such, I will be changing the wording in my T&Cs as people have often asked "What's a non-returnable booking fee?" as it's not a term they are familiar with (even though it's pretty self-explanatory!). I think going back to using the phrase "deposit" and including a paragraph that "deposits are non-returnable" is the way forward for me to avoid this confusion.
Just thought I'd point this out!